The Erechtheion, a temple on the Acropolis of Athens, was built  in the Ionian style in 420 to 406 BC  . The concept probably goes back to Pericles, who at the beginning of the construction died. As architects of the temple were Philokles and Archilochos under whose supervision the temple was completed around 406. Opposite Erechtheum is the temple of Parthenon the famous temple on the Acropolis of Athens.

It is build where the original palace of the mythical king Erechtheus I was. The temple complex sums in a number of old architectural form sculptures for a total of 13 deities and heroes. Thus, it contains the wooden, allegedly fallen from the sky sculpture image of the city goddess Athina, the annual festival at the newly decorated Panathenaia. It also includes the construction of the Earth tree in which Athena’s sacred snake lived, the sacred olive tree of the goddess, the salt source of the Poseidon who in a contest between Athena emerge, and the grave of the mythical King Cecrops I.

 Erechtheion, is well known for the main facade and the pillars of six girls figures the Caryatids . They were also described as caryatids (according to the Vitruvius they named after the city Karya in the Peloponnese), but it is not known exactly who they represent. One of the six was brought in 1811 by Lord Elgin in to Britain (now in the British Museum) and the remaining five have been replaced by replicas to avoid further damage from smog the originals are in the Acropolis Museum.